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Integrity risks for international businesses in Pakistan

A sizeable and growing body of evidence has provided clear indication that, at the aggregate level, corruption is bad for business.ed7a5b19183e While cross-country panel data have shown that corruption adversely affects economic growth and market demand, firm-level studies have established corruption’s detrimental effect on firm growth, innovation, productivity and return on investment.

  1. Corruption has been shown to have a detrimental effect on:

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